Визначення об’єму насипів методом GNSS та лазерного сканування

Abstract

In the modern period, the calculation of volumes of embankments plays an important role in a number of industries, starting from construction and ending with mining. This calls for the improvement of methods and technologies to ensure accurate and operational calculations of embankment volumes. One of the promising directions in this context is the use of Triangulated Irregular Networks (TIN) and Mesh models based on data obtained during geodetic measurements. Surveying is a large amount of accurate spatial measurement data that is necessary to create detailed geometric models of objects. The obtained geodetic data allow creating TIN and Mesh models that reflect the relief of the land surface with the necessary accuracy and detail. The use of these models to calculate the volumes of embankments becomes a key element in improving the processes of design, construction and management of natural resources. The purpose of this work is to compare the accuracy of the calculation of embankment volumes based on the data obtained by the hand-held laser scanner Stonex X120GO and the GNSS receiver Stonex S700A. Method. The method of comparing equal-precision measurements was used. Since there were no reference volumes of embankments at the site of the works, the difference between the volumes calculated on the basis of the data obtained with the hand-held laser scanner Stonex X120GO and the GNSS receiver Stonex S700A was used. Also, comparative and visual analysis was used to compare the difference between Mesh models obtained on the basis of different data sources. The results. The accuracy of determining the volumes of embankments obtained by a handheld laser scanner Stonex X120GO and a GNSS receiver Stonex S700A was studied. The average error of the differences between the determined volumes was 4.62%. Point clouds and Mesh models themselves were also analyzed (number of points, triangles, surface shape). The advantages and disadvantages of using a GNSS receiver and a hand-held laser scanner to collect data for calculating the volumes of material mounds are identified. Scientific novelty and practical significance. A technique for checking the accuracy of determining the volume of embankments without known reference values is proposed. The influence of the embankment area error on the accuracy of volume determination was studied. According to the results of the study, it is possible to assert the advantages in the detail of the received data and the speed of shooting when using a manual laser scanner, and about some difficulties associated with the desired presence of a powerful computer, a large array of data, an increase in the volume of camera work in comparison with the data obtained under the time of application of the GNSS receiver and the RTK method for determining the volumes of embankments