프랑스 극우 내셔널리즘과 인종주의: 민족전선(Front National)의 민족적 포퓰리즘(National Populisme)과 탈악마화(dédiabolisation) 노선

Abstract

Due to deindustrialization, the decline of the French Working Class has been considered as the chief factors behind of the National Front’s success, as well as the proliferation of the anti-immigration discourses during a Economic Crisis. With these two socio-economic factors, the political choice of the ‘silent majority’ we observed in the post 68 period is one of the most important background in which the National Front hereafter develop itself as a mass party. The 68 Movement creates new political situation in which the New Right group takes part, and they play role as a bridge between the Old Right wing and the Far Right group. After the electoral alliance between the National Front and the Rally for the Republic led by Gaullistes, the Far right wing could arrange a basic condition to win over the public. This situation become a first sept to the political alliance between the National Front and the republican super elites, such as Bruno Megret and Yvan Blot. Founded by Neofascist groups, the National Front thus could dilute its negative image with the Republican elitism. Expelling even Jean-Marie Le Pen, its founder, who denies the Holocaust, the National Front keeps its distance from the past related to the Fascism and follows its dediabolization. The National Front changes its name to the National Rally to establish the image of a normal party which protects only the interests of French people. (Changwon National University / shindongkyu@changwon.ac.kr)