Адаптационная способность некоторых лекарственных растений ex vitro к по чвенно-климатическим условиям Вологодской области

Abstract

The article presents the results of the study of phenological and morphological characteristics of medicinal plants obtained by clonal micropropagation and adapted ex vitro after transplanting to the open ground in the Vologda district of the Vologda region. At present, in the conditions of import substitution for obtaining domestic pharmaceutical raw materials, it is necessary to grow medicinal plants in demand industrially. Plants of the Hedysarum neglectum Ledeb., Hypericum perforatum L., Artemisia dracunculus L. (cultivars ‘Goodwin’, ‘Monarch’) were studied as research objects. The winter hardiness of 2-year-old seedlings of the studied medicinal plants obtained by the in vitro method after overwintering is 85 to 90% in the first decade of May. Two-year-old plants of H. neglectum had an average height of 55.0 cm, formed a vegetative mass, had high foliage (an average of 12.6 pcs./shoot) and flower racemes (on average 17.5 pcs./shoot). The plants formed generative shoots: H. neglectum – on average 1.7 pcs., H. perforatum – 5 pcs., A. dracunculus – 9.9 to 11.3 pcs. The average length of the raw part of one shoot was 23.2 cm in H. neglectum, 16.6 cm in H. perforatum, and 32.3 to 47.0 cm in A. dracunculus. The wet weight of the raw part of a shoot of two-year-old cultivated medicinal plants was: H. neglectum – 12.9 g on average, H. perforatum – 16.7 g, A. dracunculus – 14.7 to 17.8 g; the air-dry weight of the raw part of the plants was 17 to 25% of the wet weight.