Abstract

The most significant epidemiological features of the pandemic with a new coronavirus infection are presented in the article. The mechanisms of penetration of SARS­CoV­2 into the body, ways and factors of transmission, immunological mechanisms of interaction of the virus with the cellular receptor apparatus are indicated. The issues of the formation of population immunity to COVID­19 through specific prevention are considered. Modern biological platforms of vaccines and their comparative characteristics, safety profile, immunological and epidemiological effectiveness of vaccination in the conditions of continuous emergence of SARS­CoV­2 variants of concern are discussed. The predicted epidemiological models of the pandemic development and the main directions of the complex system of prevention of coronavirus infection in Belarus are presented.

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