Чутливість до антибактеріальних препаратів штамів Bacillus spp. з високим рівнем антагоністичної активності для виготовлення пробіотиків

Abstract

The development of organic livestock farming, in particular poultry farming, which Ukraine is targeting, requires a radical change in approaches to the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. The macroorganism and microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract constitute a single ecological system with homeostatic balance. However, its violation creates a threat of an imbalance of intestinal normal flora and the development of diseases of bacterial etiology in poultry. Considering this, there is a growing need for the development and use of probiotic preparations. The high antagonistic potential of bacteria of the genus Bacillus in relation to other pathogens causes scientific and industrial interest in the development of probiotics with their involvement in the composition of these bacteria as an alternative to antibiotics. But due to the existence of risks of direct transfer of R-plasmids of antibiotic resistance to the biotic microflora of the gastrointestinal tract together with probiotic strains when they acquire resistance, promising strains of bacteria of the genus Bacillus should be tested for sensitivity to antibiotic drugs. We selected promising probiotic strains with a high level of antagonism, Bacillus subtilis Bs-5 and Bs-9, Bacillus licheniformis Bfl-1 and Bfl-4, Bacillus coagulans Bcg-5, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Baf-1 and Baf-3 showed full sensitivity to the applied antibiotics — representatives of the groups of carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, glycopeptides, lincosamides, macroliths and oxazolidones. These strains were recommended as probiotic, antibiotic sensitive, safe and promising for their use in the design of probiotic preparations. The obtained results of laboratory studies of other strains of B. subtilis, B. licheniformis, B. coagulans, B. amyloliquefaciens proved the presence among them of bacteria polyresistant to fluoroquinolone, carbapenem, macrolide and glycopeptide antibiotics.