지눌 선사의 정토 수행론: 『권수정혜결사문』 제7문답을 중심으로

Abstract

In this article, I tried to grasp Jinul (知訥, 1158~1210)’s theory of pure land practice focusing on the seventh question and answer in <italic>Gwonsujeonghyegyeolsamun</italic> (『勸修定慧結社文』). To this end, first I analyzed the composition and content of the seventh question and answer and then figured out the basis of the practice emphasized by Jinul in the seventh question and answer and summarized it as Jinul’s theory of the practice of pure land. The seventh question and answer consists of six parts according to sentient beings’ faculties: he classified (1) people with the great mind as the uppermost faculties (上根); (2) two types of people who practice helping each other inside and outside with self-power and others’ help as the second group; (3) two types of people who are blocked a lot because they are not good at using their minds in Buddha’s dharma as the third group; (4) people regarded as rare only if they invoke a buddha’s name as the lowermost faculties (最下根); (5) people who do not know the teachings of the Dharma of mind but achieve clean acts in actual practice as the fifth group; (6) people who convey secret meanings by the way of transmission from mind to mind in the Zen patriarchy as the sixth group. Jinul classified these six groups into the characteristics of practice that appear according to the faculties of practitioners. Jinul emphasized the proper practice of pure land that zen practitioners should perform, referring to the practice of pure land according to each faculty. As for the first group, he talked about the pure land of dharma nature achieved by the ordinary people with the great mind who believe and understand that the Buddha