Шевченкіана на сторінках закарпатської преси 20–30-х рр. ХХ ст.

Abstract

The article analyzes a wide range of articles in the 1920–30s Transcarpathian press focusing on the life and works of Taras Shevchenko, honoring the memory of the poet, and elaborating on his significance to the rise of the national awareness in the region. The report focuses on the emergence of Shevchenkiana in Transcarpathian, its special regional features, the characteristics of commemoration of the anniversaries of T. Shevchenko’s birth and death, the main types of publications, genre features, and the subjects of anniversary publications. It has been established that the Prosvita Society in Uzhhorod published the one-day newspaper Prosvita – Shevchenkovy (Prosvita for Shevchenko) (1926), and the leading Transcarpathian periodicals, such as: “Vinochok dlia Podkarpatskykh Ditochok”, “Holos Zhyttia”, “Do Peremohy”, “Karpatska Pravda”, “Narodnia Syla”, “Nasha Zemlia”, “Nasha Oborona”, “Pcholka”, “Rusyn”, “Svoboda”, “Ukrainske Slovo”, etc., dedicated separate issues and numerous publications to T. Shevchenko. Some anniversary editions were simultaneously dedicated to the anniversaries of T. Masaryk, the first President of Czechoslovakia, and T. Shevchenko, as well as to T. Shevchenko and O. Dukhnovych, an enlightener of the Subcarpathian Ruthenians, whose birthdays were celebrated almost simultaneously. It has been found that in the commemoration of the anniversaries of the birth and death of T. Shevchenko, Transcarpathian periodicals that fall into three distinct socio-political categories of the time – Narodnyks (national), Moscophiles and Sovietophiles – assumed different approaches to interpreting T. Shevchenko’s creative legacy and were involved in heated discussions about whether his works belonged to Ruthenian (Ukrainian) or Russian literature. In their publications, M. Brashchaiko, V. Birchak, V. Grendzha-Donskyi, V. Zheltvai, O. Markush, Iryna Nevytska, I. Pankevych, Mariika Pidhirianka, A. Shtefan and others vividly described T. Shevchenko as a brilliant poet, prophet and martyr for the Ukrainian people. Keywords: Shevchenkiana, Transcarpathian press, Subcarpathian Ruthenia, Ruthenians.