Женское движение в России в 1907–1914 гг.

Abstract

The article examines the women's movement in Russia in 1907–1914. The author studies, what is the women's movement; its causes (discrimination and legal inequality of women in all spheres of life); women's issue (a whole complex of problems related to the unequal position of women in society, economy and family) and the problem of emancipation (liberation) of women. The article also considers the impact of the First Russian Revolution of 1905–1907 on the women's movement, features of the women's movement in 1907–1914 (the stage of formation of a mass women's movement with an extensive infrastructure, integrating various social strata of women). The author shows that the number and diversity of women's organizations continued to increase, which contributed to the formation of a broad social base of the women's movement; presents the classification of women's associations by spheres of activity, by ideological orientation: conservative, liberal (including feminist) and socialist. The article demonstrates the main activities of the women's movement: the struggle for education, for access to professional work, charity, the struggle for civil and political rights, including electoral rights and mentions women's parties, organizations, such as Russian Women's Mutual Charitable Society, Women's Progressive Party, Women's Equality Union, Workers' Mutual Aid Society and three All-Russian women's congresses. It shows participation of various segments of the population in the women's movement. The author analyzes government policy on the women's issue and concludes about the results and significance of the women's movement.