Проблема разработки теории бюрократии: случай России

Abstract

The article raises the problem of using transformations in Russia over the past three hundred years as a material for creating a theory of bureaucracy that differs from Weber's concept. This problem is solved on the basis of the application of concepts developed at the Rostov School of Political Sciences of the Southern Federal University (Russia). A conceptual apparatus is being developed that allows studying Russian, Soviet and post-Soviet bureaucracy in connection with the process of forming an opposition in Russia, which is free from stereotypes of bureaucratic activity, behavior and thinking. Such an opposition could not arise either in monarchical, Soviet, or post-Soviet Russia. The reasons are explained in the theory of bureaucracy, which contains a reconstruction of Marx's definition of bureaucracy as a social parasite organism, a reflection of many social contradictions and the embodiment of political alienation. The cognitive situation in modern Russia is discussed; ways for the researcher to circumvent the choice imposed on him by the post-Soviet government, the specifics of the genesis and structure of the police society in the country.