ДИСТАНЦИОННОЕ ЭЛЕКТРОННОЕ ГОЛОСОВАНИЕ: ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ ОПЫТ РОССИИ

Abstract

The article discusses the main stages of using Remote electronic voting (hereinafter referred to as the Remote E-Voting) in the Russian electoral process. The author proposed dividing the historical development of Remote E-Voting in Russia into two stages. At the first stage we can note the conceptualization of approaches to remote voting. Remote Е-voting as a system includes a regulatory framework, organizational foundations, technical means, guarantees of observance of voters’ rights. The balance of these elements ensures the legitimacy of the popular will. At the second stage, a growth in the development of technologies can be stated. Separately, we can distinguish blockchain technology, which occupies one of the key places in the software and hardware complex of Remote E-voting. In 2019, Remote E-Voting was like an experiment. In 2021, there were already two independent information systems for Remote E-Voting at the federal and regional levels. However, the rapid introduction and expansion of the territory for the use of Remote E-voting prevented the theoretical understanding of the current events and the proper consolidation of legal guarantees for a new form of voting. The author notes about the problem of the legal status of election commissions responsible for conducting Remote E-voting. The problem of monitoring the functioning of the software and hardware complex of Remote E-voting was and remains one of the most pressing today. There are no characteristics established by the electoral legislation, algorithms for the functioning of components of electronic systems. The author proposes to eliminate this legal vacuum.