드라마를 활용한 한⋅일 피동표현 연구

Abstract

Objectives The purpose of this study is to contrast passive expressions in Korean and Japanese utilizing drama. Since human language use serves as a tool for communication, passive expressions, frequently used in real-life situations, carry significant meaning. Although Korean and Japanese share similarities in vocabulary and syntactic structures, differences arise based on the concept and conditions of passivity. Moreover, Korean passive expressions exhibit a greater variety and lower productivity compared to Japanese, necessitating a systematic comparative study.
 Methods First, analyzing the drama ‘Misaeng,’ consisting of 20 episodes aired on tvN, transcripts of Korean dialogue and Japanese subtitles were compiled. The expressions and frequencies of suffix passive, syntactic passive, and lexical passive were extracted from the Korean dialogue. Second, the expressions and frequencies of passivity were extracted from the Japanese subtitles. Third, corresponding patterns and frequencies of passivity in both languages were determined, compared, and analyzed. Fourth, examples of passive expressions in Korean and Japanese were presented.
 Results Upon analyzing Korean and Japanese passive expressions, results revealed a total of 121 instances of suffix passive, with the ‘-이’ suffix being the most frequently used (56 instances), followed by ‘-리,’ ‘-히-,’ and ‘-기-’ in descending order. Syntactic passive amounted to 25 instances, with ‘-어지다’ occurring 19 times and ‘-게되다’ appearing 6 times. Lexical passive totaled 123 instances, with ‘-되다’ accounting for 83 occurrences, ‘-받다’ for 27, and ‘-당하다’ for 13. When Korean was in the passive form, and Japanese was not, a total of 176 instances were identified. This included 67 cases of suffix passive, 13 of syntactic passive, and 96 of lexical passive. Conversely, when Japanese was in the passive form, and Korean was not, a total of 226 instances were observed. This encompassed 27 instances of suffix passive, 57 of syntactic passive, and 76 of lexical passive. Additionally, there were 66 instances of Japanese passive that did not correspond to Korean passive expressions.
 Conclusions This study systematically examined and compared passive expressions in Korean and Japanese by analyzing subtitles in dramas, specifically focusing on the patterns of corresponding and non-corresponding passivity. The analysis revealed distinct differences rather than commonalities in passive expressions between the two languages, and through various examples, linguistic and cultural disparities were highlighted. The practical investigation of passive expressions in Korean and Japanese serves as foundational material for Japanese learners studying Korean, offering valuable insights into language and cultural differences.