Реабилитация комбатантов: этический и медицинский подходы

Abstract

Background:The need for early and effective medical rehabilitation of combatants is determined by a number of social, ethical and demographic factors.The ethical context of the rehabilitation of combatants is associated with the mental reflection of participants in local wars, considered on the model of the Afghan and Chechen wars. At the same time, the researchersnote that the phenomenon is most fully represented in American and European literature on the example of Vietnam War veterans, known in publications as "trauma and memory studies" and requires the development of similar research practices in domestic science. The purpose of the work is to show the possibilities of medical rehabilitation of NWO combatants using exoprostheses in the context of the ethics of care. Materials and methods: To demonstrate the medical and social prospects for the rehabilitation of pathology and injuries of the upper limbs, a review of domestic and foreign sources of open databases was carried out. The calculation of the needs for orthotics of the upper limbs was carried out on the model of Tatarstan and the Volgograd region. The research materials of the Federal Centerfor Support of the Development and Production of Exoprostheses of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education VolgGMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia were used in the work.Results:Specialists of the Center for Exoprosthetics of the Volg State Medical University developed a passive exoskeleton of the upper limb "EKZAR-34" for habilitation and rehabilitation of patients with symptoms of upper flaccid paresis. The advantages of the development are complemented by affordability, technical feasibility and wide application possibilities. Currently, on the basis of the Center for Exoprostheses of the VolgGMU, participants in combat operations and non-combatants of the Northern Military District are undergoing rehabilitation using the EXAR-34. The need for orthotics, calculated on the model of Tatarstan and the Volgograd region, demonstrates the continuity of rehabilitation of wartime and peacetime, as a general trend in personalized medicine aimed at the needs of a particular patient.Conclusion:Attention to the problem of rehabilitation should be permanent, reflecting the position of society towards vulnerable groups, based on the ethics of respect and care.