Сучасні закономірності розвитку інтернаціоналізації вищої освіти

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of modern transformations taking place in the international mobility of students due to the spread of higher education internationalization. It is substantiated that the internationalization of higher education is an important determinant of higher education development, national economies, and the like. The objective of the work is to determine the regularities and intensity of the development of internationalization in different countries and the features of the national policy on attracting foreign students. It is determined that higher education internationalization has become an important component of the development of many countries that differ in their level of socioeconomic development. The author of article analyzes the current trends in the development of international student mobility, identifies the features of attracting different countries to the processes of academic mobility, and determines the factors of choosing applicants in favor of international education. The multidimensional nature of the phenomenon of internationalization is proved, in the study of which there is a need to use multidimensional estimates. The proposed methodological tools by author for the quantitative assessment of the level of development of internationalization of higher education includes an index of national higher education system internationalization, the use of which allowed to quantify the process of internationalization of higher education. To identify patterns of development of this process in dynamics, and their intensity. It is substantiated that from the macroeconomic point of view, foreign students are an important factor in influencing the country's balance of payments, the development of the national labor market, the national educational system, and innovative development. Students who have received higher education abroad become an important source of development for the countries of origin, on the terms of the return of such students to their motherland. It is determined that modern universities develop strategies for internationalization of higher education actively, attracting foreign students, which contribute to the development of the level of international universities competitiveness, providing its financial stability of its development. It is proved that in response to the annual growth in the number of foreign students who are sent to highly developed countries, national governments and universities of these countries will direct their efforts to find new ways and arrangements to attract foreign students to study, including using the tools of migration policy. The main directions and methods of attracting foreign students are defined.