ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ДИВЕРСИФИКАЦИИ СЕЛЬСКОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ

Abstract

The article touches upon the is- sue of the potential for diversification of the rural economy in terms of non-agricultural activities for the development of rural areas from an organizational, economic and socio-demographic point of view. To do this, all the directions of alternative business and the tasks that it can solve are listed. Methodological approaches to decision-making on the development of non-agricultural activities in rural areas are described and systematized, including determining the priority of economic or social efficiency and type of activity based on territorial, organizational or sectoral conditions. The characteristic of the modern concept of handicraft activity is given, its features in foreign countries and the Russian Federation are highlighted, successful examples of a number of regions, including the Volga Federal District, are given. A retrospective analysis of the sphere of rational use of wild plants and fungi was carried out, the importance of this type of activity was updated, trends in the volume of collection, processing and import of products to the EU countries were investigated. The prerequisites for the activation of rural tourism, its target audience, and the motives for choosing this type of recreation are revealed. The existing forms of its organization are systematized into three groups: recreation on the basis of a small family hotel or farmsteads, the construction of large and medium-sized private agro-tourist facilities in rural areas, the creation of agricultural parks in farms and agricultural cooperatives. It is confirmed that rural tourism is actively developing in the regions that have developed the concepts of its development (Altai Krai, the Republics of Buryatia and Karelia, Kaliningrad, Kaluga, Irkutsk, Tomsk regions). The article describes the successful experience of the Republic of Belarus in the formation of a system of consumer services in rural areas, which is based on complex complexes for consumer services, including agro-towns and field services for the population. The measures of state support, which can be claimed by the initiators of alternative rural business, are highlighted.