ИДЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ УСТАНОВКИ ВЕДУЩИХ РОССИЙСКИХ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ ПАРТИЙ

Abstract

The article characterizes the political and ideological discourse in Russia, which differs from the modern ideological tendencies of liberal-democratic countries and takes into account the peculiarities of the Russian socio-economic situation. The purpose of the work is to identify the main ideological priorities of the leading political parties of the Russian Federation that have their deputies in the regional and federal parliaments. Based on the political, cultural and constructivist approaches, the author reveals the peculiarities of the ideological perception of Russian political reality. Unlike Western countries, Russia is not characterized by the inclusion of postmodern values in the ideological palette. At the same time, there is an increase in the need for a conservative ideology with various variations – social conservatism, enlightened conservatism, liberal conservatism. The values of patriotism, nationalism, and sovereignty have become widely demanded. The analysis of the programs of the leading political parties preparing for the parliamentary elections of 2021 is carried out, which indicates the popularity of conservative and socialist values in their various syntheses, including nationalist and liberal. The success of the new political parties registered in 2020 is celebrated: New People, Green Alternative, For the Truth. Liberal values remain on the periphery of public consciousness and are not in demand in political practice. Most political parties are focused on solving social problems, which indicates the demand for socialist values. However, in some regions where environmental problems are not being addressed, there is a need to introduce an environmentally-oriented agenda in the main spheres of society, which is more the exception than the rule. Thus, there is a need to differentiate the political preferences of citizens, expressed in the adaptation of ideological paradigms to reality.