‘是……的’ 강조구문 고찰— 문법화의 관점에서

Abstract

The functions of ‘shi(是)’ and ‘de(的)’ which are often used in ‘shi(是)’ Sentence, and the process in which they are fixed with ‘shi(是)……de(的)’ Emphatic Structure are organically related. As the frequency of using the structural auxiliary word ‘de(的)’ at the end of ‘shi(是)’ Sentence increases, ‘shi (是)……de(的)’ structure became an Emphatic Structure, and in which the old layer ‘shi(是)’ Sentence and the new layer ‘shi(是)……de(的)’ Emphatic Structure came to coexist in ‘shi(是)’ Judgment Sentence. The ‘shi(是)……de(的)’ Emphatic Structure is divided into ‘shi(是)……de(的)’ obj structure which emphasizes a specific element in an event that has already occurred, and ‘shi(是)……de(的)’ sub structure which emphasizes the whole of subjective judgment. First, ‘shi(是)……de(的)’ obj structure is based on ‘shi(是)’ Sentence, therefore, ‘shi(是)……de(的)’ obj structure can be negated with ‘bu(不)’ and expressed as ‘shi bu shi(是不是)’ Question Sentence. It often has ambiguity problems, this is because ‘shi(是)……de(的)’ Emphatic Structure has an overlapping parts between ‘shi(是)’ Sentence and ‘shi(是)……de(的)’ Emphatic Structure. Second, ‘shi(是)……de(的)’ sub structure is changed from ‘shi(是)……de (的)’ obj structure through abstraction, and it mainly emphasizes judgments related to the present or future tense. ‘shi(是)……de(的)’ sub structure cannot be used in the form of the negative form ‘bu shi(不是)’ and ‘shi bu shi(是不是)’ Question Sentence, and between ‘shi(是)’ and ‘de(的)’ modal auxiliary verb such as ‘hui(會), neng(能), yao(要), keyi(可以)’ are often added.