Abstract
The article considers the review of planning for the search of a vessel in distress as a tactical method of conducting a search and rescue operation, which is a set of organizational and technical measures that contribute to the detection of the coordinates of the location of the vessel in distress. It has been proved that the effectiveness of the considered planning method depends on the a priori given area, in which the search and detection of the person in distress is conducted. Modern vessels are equipped with such technical means of navigation and communication that clearly solve the problem of uncertainty in the current location of the emergency vessel. The well-known tactical methods of conducting a search and rescue operation can be expanded by organizing the rescue vessel’s getting to a given point in the shortest time interval, which makes it possible to increase the probability of saving the lives. Provided that the technical means of navigation and communication ensure the constant data transfer on the location of the emergency object, there is developed a model of quick approaching the rescue vessel to the emergency object. When drawing up the model of the method, it was assumed that the coordinates of the emergency vessel are constantly broadcast, and the emergency object itself under the influence of external factors (wind, current) drifts rectilinearly and at a constant speed. In the course of evaluating the method effectiveness the performance criterion was used as an efficiency indicator. To determine the minimum time of the ship's leaving the zero point of the Cartesian coordinate system, when the velocity vector of the ship coincides to the positive direction of the abscissa, for the emergency object, it is sufficient to choose the optimal trajectory, according to the Pontryagin maximal principle. The conditions that ensure the application of the Pontryagin principle are met, and therefore the boundary value problem under consideration for a given ship’s dynamics, boundary conditions, and given constraints has the only solution that allows maneuvering of the rescue ship to be carried out in the minimum time (with maximum speed) and with a high probability ratio of life saving equal to 1.
Highlights
The article considers the review of planning for the search of a vessel in distress as a tactical method of conducting a search and rescue operation, which is a set of organizational and technical measures that contribute to the detection of the coordinates of the location of the vessel in distress
Modern vessels are equipped with such technical means of navigation and communication that clearly solve the problem of uncertainty in the current location of the emergency vessel
The well-known tactical methods of conducting a search and rescue operation can be expanded by organizing the rescue vessel’s getting to a given point in the shortest time interval, which makes it possible to increase the probability of saving the lives
Summary
Мурманский государственный технический университет, Мурманск, Российская Федерация. Выполнен обзор процесса планирования поиска терпящего бедствие судна как тактического метода проведения поисково-спасательной операции, которая представляет собой комплекс организационных и технических мероприятий, способствующих обнаружению координат местоположения терпящего бедствие. Для определения минимального времени выхода судна из начала декартовой системы координат, когда вектор скорости этого судна совпадет по направлению с положительным направлением абсциссы, к аварийному объекту достаточно использовать выбор оптимальной траектории, основанный на принципе максимума Понтрягина. Что маневрирование судна-спасателя можно осуществить в минимальное время (с максимальным быстродействием) и с показателем эффективности спасательной операции по сохранению жизни, равному единице. Рассмотрим выполнения маневра по выводу судна-спасателя к аварийному объекту, несколько упростив ситуацию, а именно будем считать, что аварийный объект под действием внешних факторов (ветра, течения) дрейфует прямолинейно и с постоянной скоростью. Геометрический смысл данной задачи состоит в том, чтобы определить минимальное время выхода судна C(t) из начала декартовой системы координат YOX, где вектор его скорости совпадет по направлению с положительным направлением оси OX на полупрямую KL, направление которой задано углом v.
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