Изменение концентрации мелатонина при прогрессировании катаракты

Abstract

Purpose. To establish the relationship between melatonin level in the blood serum and the lens in patients with different degrees of cataract progression. Material and methods During the study, the following groups of patients were formed: group 1 – initial cataract, group 2 – immature cataract, group 3 – mature cataract and group 4 – complicated initial cataract with type 2 diabetes mellitus. All patients were surveyed. Considering the fact that melatonin secretion depends on a daily rhythm, the sampling of biomaterial for analysis was carried out at the same time during a planned surgical intervention. Melatonin content was determined by enzyme immunoassay using the commercial Human MT (Melatonin) ELISA Kit. Results. The study did not reveal statistically significant changes in the level of melatonin in the blood serum of patients with different levels of cataract progression. However, there was a trend towards lower melatonin values in the group of patients with immature and mature cataract, relative to patients with initial cataract. When comparing the group of patients with mature cataract relative to patients with initial cataract, there was a decrease in melatonin levels by 45 % (p ≤ 0.05). The level of melatonin in the lens of patients with cataract complicated by diabetes mellitus was lower by 63 % (p ≤ 0.01) compared to patients with uncomplicated initial cataract. Conclusion. It was found that the level of melatonin in the lens significantly depends on the degree of cataract progression. Cataracts complicated by diabetes mellitus were characterized by minimal values of melatonin in the lens. The obtained data show the relevance of further research to assess the role of melatonin in various ophthalmic pathologies. Keywords: melatonin, cataract, eye lens