ФАХОВА ПІДГОТОВКА МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ПРИРОДНИЧИХ НАУК

Abstract

It was established that the professional training of future teachers of natural sciences should be focused on providing an integrated model of education and based on the formation of students a set of general and special (professional) competencies and personal qualities, which are necessary for successful professional activity. Accordingly, the main content components of professional training of future teachers of natural sciences are knowledge of subjects (physics, chemistry, biology, etc.) and their interdisciplinary interaction, understanding of teaching methods, ability to use this knowledge in educational activities and willingness to apply knowledge, skills and abilities in professional activities. The training teacher of natural sciences should be focused on teaching an integrated course «Natural Sciences», which is studied in high school in which natural subjects are not specialized, although his qualifications are a teacher of natural sciences, physics, chemistry, biology, in this specialist has broader qualifications and, accordingly, the range of competencies. Therefore, in addition to the formed competencies in each subject, we expect that in the process of training teachers of natural sciences is also important to integrate the curriculum of mandatory disciplines, which will ensure the formation of a holistic system of knowledge and skills. Analytical review of the programs of the course «Natural Sciences» for high school in terms of their content allowed us to state that they were aimed at the formation of natural sciences competence of the individual, but each provides it differently. While some clearly show the presence of separate semantic blocks of different subjects, in others we see an attempt to make the program more integrated basis on objects of study: matter, field, energy and technology, we anticipate human habitation in the environment and man-made society. We convinced that this approach will be further develops, because it corresponds to the idea of integrativity, embedded in the idea of the emergence of this subject in high school. The introduction of an integrated course «Natural Sciences» in high school forces to move away from the disparate formation of natural knowledge in individual subjects and strengthens the integrative nature of the content of natural subjects. Accordingly, the professional training of future teachers of natural sciences should be improve in the direction of integrating the knowledge, skills and abilities of students in the process of studying the relevant professional disciplines. It was recommended to introduce integrated disciplines in the process of training future teachers of natural sciences, which will ensure their quality professional training.