정신적 장애가 있는 노인을 위한 주거공간계획

Abstract

Purpose: Recently, as Korea has become an aging society, numerous problems related to the elderly have occurred. In particular, issues related to the psychological wellness of the elderly are becoming more and more serious. In general, most of the elderly suffering from psychological disorders are hospitalized in facilities which due to their poor conditions has in fact been pointed out as a violation of their human rights. Therefore, based on the findings of previous research, this study aims to suggest design guidelines or basic design guidelines for residential space planning for the elderly with psychological disorders to support their living in residential spaces, rather than in facilities. Method: First, by referring to precedent studies and performing a review on the literature, the overall types and symptoms of the psychological disorders in the elderly were analyzed. Secondly, among the experimental research from Korea and abroad concerning wellness, the research in which positive effects on the wellness of the elderly suffering from psychological disorders were achieved were derived through a keyword search. Thirdly, design strategies for a residential space for the elderly with psychological disorders and specific plans for residential space planning were derived by grouping similar results among the foregoing experimental research with positive influences. Result: Based on the experimental research, seven design strategies were elicited for the residential space planning for the elderly with psychological disorders. The following is an overall summary of the specific guidelines depending on the design strategies: (i) for the elderly with psychological disorders, mental stability should be provide by controlling contact with others through the provision of separate personal provision of private space, and (ii) for the elderly with anxiety disorder, spaces should be planned to support the visual accessibility from rest of the family members. Furthermore, (iii) for the elderly with depression and anxiety disorder, orientation, locations and sizes of windows should be planned to allow the inflow of sunlight in the morning and (iv) natural or artificial ‘natural’ elements having positive effects on stress reduction should also be planned for the residential space. (iv) natural or artificial ‘natural’ elements should also be planned for the residential space to alleviate the stress level. Lastly (v) devices such as controlling TV channels, opening and closing of curtains should be installed to ensure that the elderly can control the spaces by themselves. Also a plan for reducing noises which may cause stress or sleep disturbance is also required.