Abstract
Hydrogen atoms in proteins as well as protein-bound water molecules play a significant role in many chemical reaction processes in living systems, such as catalytic reaction and molecular recognition. Neutron crystallography is a powerful tool to identify locations of light atoms like hydrogen. In the field of neutron crystallography, the development of diffractometers and techniques for preparation and crystallization of target samples has been developed to complement the low flux of neutron sources. In Japan, single-crystal diffractometers named BIX-3 and BIX-4 have been developed, and contribute to the effective collection of neutron diffraction data. Recent developments on the complementary use of neutron and X-ray diffraction data have begun solving previously undetermined problems of protein function. Further efforts to acquire higher measurement performance are now in progress to increase the application of neutron crystallographic studies.
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