숙종대의 문묘(文廟) 정비와 그 의의

Abstract

Joseon witnessed the major reform of the Temple to Confucius(Munmyo 文廟), from the constituent enshrined figures to the affiliated facilities and the paraphernalia for the rites, during the reign of King Sukjong. The question of who should be sacrificed to was decided based on Ming’s precedent, but ten mortuary tablets were left out and four from the Song and two from Joseon were instead added according to Confucian moral standards of Joseon. The Six Worthies of the Song Dynasty(Songjo yukhyeon 宋朝六賢), whose tablets were previously installed in the hallway (mu 廡) were moved to the main hall, the Hall of Great Completion(Daeseongjeon 大成殿). The Shrine of Begetting the Sage(Gyeseongsa 啓聖祠), which enshrined the fathers of Confucius and his four disciples, was built as an annex to the Temple to Confucius. The court also discussed whether to build the Shrine of the Four Worthies(Sahyeonsa 四賢祠) for the honored students of the Imperial Academies in China. In addition, the temple was equipped with new ritual music, partly unified ritual vessels, and newly designed containers of tablets. <BR> King Sukjong’s reform of the temple rites stemmed from the motivation to obtain retainers’ loyalty and cooperation by allowing the enshrinement of certain political forefathers, which had been the long-cherished desire of the political factions. The willingness to declare Joseon a prominent civilized country in East Asia was another important motivation. The system of the Temple to Confucius established during the reign of King Sukjong, changed the Ming system to suit the situation of Joseon and reflected the unique values of Joseon. Complementing the deficiencies after two major wars, the Joseonized Confucian temple system was maintained until the collapse of the dynasty.