КУЛЬТУРА И ИСКУССТВО КНИГИ В ЯКУТИИ

Abstract

The work reveals the specific features of book art, which integrates the achievements of artistic means and forms, as well as scientific research. The authors focus on the regional Arctic locus of book art. The article traces the origin of Yakut book illustrations from the first attempts of amateur artists on the pages of the periodical press in the 1920s to the activities of various institutions: the scientific research society "Sakha kehskileh" (1925–1930), the cultural and educational societies "Manchaary" and "Sakha omuk" (1920–1930) and The Union of Soviet Artists of Yakutia (since 1940s), that pioneered the accumulation of cultural practices and development of art trends in the region. The characteristics of the first Yakut artists-illustrators are presented: P. P. Romanov, who created illustrations to the image of the heroic Olonkho epos "Byudyuryubet Myuldzu Bege" and G. M. Turalysov, who illustrated the collection of poems and songs by Ilya Chagylgan "The Rise", thus initiating the development of professional graphic art in Yakutia. The creation of the art school in Yakutsk in 1945, the emergence of publishing houses became a new page in the development of the book graphics in the works of the first graduates of the school — E. Shaposhnikov, E. Shestakov, M. Lukin, O. Kovalevsky, V. Petrov and others. Special attention is paid to creativity of E. S. Sivtsev, the founder of Yakut prints. The First (1958) and The Second (1963) All-Union Exhibitions of prints opened to the public the names of Yakut illustrators. Later A. P. Munkhalov exhibited his series of engravings "My North" at the International Exhibition "Intergraphy — 67" in Berlin, and his engraving "Listening to the World" was included in the German school textbooks. The article also reveals the modern stage in the development of book art, from the activities of "Bichik" publishing house to graduate projects of The Arctic Institute of Culture and Arts and The Yakutsk School of Art.