Неврологические осложнения в косметологии: обзор литературы

Abstract

INTRODUCTION. The article discusses complications from the nervous system during such cosmetic procedures as botulinum therapy, the use of fillers, mesotherapy and thread lifting. AIM. Conduct an analysis of literary sources of domestic and foreign authors describing the modern understanding of neurological complications that arise in cosmetology practice. MATERIAL AND METHODS. An analysis of literature in Russian and English was carried out for the period from 2013–2024. Sources from the Russian scientific electronic library eLIBRARY, RSCI databases, and PubMed were used. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. One of the most common neurological side effects of botulinum toxin is paralysis of the facial and masticatory muscles, innervated by the facial and trigeminal nerves, respectively. The mechanism of the negative effect of fillers on nervous tissue is associated, first of all, with their composition, which can have a toxic effect. During filler injections, nerve fibers can be damaged, which leads to disruption of the transmission of nerve impulses. The literature describes cases of deterioration or even loss of monocular vision, ptosis and ophthalmoplegia after injection of hyaluronic acid filler. A complication when using fillers based on hyaluronic acid and autologous fat is acute cerebrovascular accident. Prevention of neurological complications during cosmetic procedures is an important aspect of safety and successful results in aesthetic medicine.CONCLUSION. Neurological complications can occur as a result of various cosmetic procedures. The main factors are technique, lack of understanding of facial anatomy, and the use of low-quality drugs. It is important to be aware of the potential risks and contact only experienced specialists to reduce the likelihood of neurological complications. KEYWORDS: fillers, botulinum therapy, thread lifting, neurological complications, facial nerve neuropathy