ЗАРОДЖЕННЯ ФУНКЦІОНАЛІЗМУ У ФОРМОТВОРЕННІ САКРАЛЬНОГО ПРОСТОРУ

Abstract

The article analyzes the origins of functionalism in the formation of sacred space. Examples of world architecture that show the function of form are presented. The development of sacred architecture of the modern era is represented. The phenomenon of perception in certain visible figures of objects is an expression of a more general situation, an expression of a certain type of views or collective beliefs. The use of theatrical forms in modernist architecture is considered, which at the same time is not a complete rejection of modernist preferences, but also an attempt to reinterpret the geometry of traditional forms of sacred space. Program historism, limited decoration and refinement of utilitarianism in the approach to traditional forms of sacred space are presented. Contradictions in the perception of sacred space and reading the symbolism of its content are considered. An attempt is also made to adapt the principles of modernism to the needs of the formation of a sacred space, in which, after the suspension of historical knowledge, the essence of the phenomenon under study is sought, which was understood as its invariable feature. Religion, art, science, language are presented as forms of human thinking about reality with forms of epistemologically understandable symbol. The need to take into account the relationship between certain forms and messages that are transmitted through them in the formation of sacred space. Symbols pointing out not certain sacred reality, but certain intellectual tendencies, social situations or expressions of culture are singled out.