ПРОБЛЕМЫ В СИСТЕМЕ ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ В РОССИИ

Abstract

Nowadays, anti-Russian sanctions, imposed by the EU and the USA, have a special impact on the agrifood market. This enabled domestic producers to establish profitable production of pig breeding, vegetable growing, plant growing, etc. This can be facilitated by a program to subsidize interest rates on investment loans for the construction and modernization of complexes for the maintenance of animals, farms and the purchase of breeding animals. High competitiveness of products and quick payback will lead to an increase in the level of investment in the industry. The main problem of full-fledged use of such programs is the lack of money in the state budget and the high state debt on investment loans. The income of agricultural producers is greatly influenced by the constant decrease in the incomes of agricultural consumers and, consequently, the decrease in demand for agricultural products. Falsification of food products has a special impact on the agricultural products market. Problems for the agro-industrial complex continue to remain: the modernization of production and technology, the provision of highly qualified specialists in the agricultural sectors. An important issue is the resource map of the regions, which is the study of each region separately in terms of using its competitive advantages. This will significantly increase the level of socio-economic growth of the country, because competitive advantages of each territory will be involved. Under the tightening of sanctions, Russia will not be able to completely replace imports with domestic products in the coming years. To a large extent this is due to a shortage of production capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to apply the strategy of export-oriented import substitution, which is connected with increasing the competitive advantages of domestic production. A full application of import substitution in Russia will be unprofitable for the economy and will be associated with increased inflation, a decrease in savings, a reduction in investment activity, a deficit in the balance of payments.