Перспективы технологий Интернета вещей в агропроизводстве

Abstract

Purpose: to study, analyze and generalize the current state and prospects of IoT technologies in agricultural production, which allow making the right decisions, reducing risks and increasing the profitability of agricultural production based on the use of a unified information field, formed according to the data of all participants in the production process. Methods: as a basic methodological approach, the method of comparative analysis which made it possible to characterize the main approaches to the use of innovative technologies in the agricultural sector of the economy and determine the prospects for the development of unified scientifically grounded information systems integrated into the country's digital economy in agricultural production was used. Results. The analysis of the digitalization state of agricultural production and the Internet of Things market in domestic agriculture has been carried out, which revealed the need for their formation and development in accordance with the requirements of the departmental project “Digital Agriculture”. The main innovative solutions that characterize the concept of smart agriculture are presented, and the possibility of their application is established at the present time. The technical and technological equipment of agricultural production in the development, implementation and use of information technologies is characterized. The examples of innovative solutions, services and digitalization projects of agricultural production processes successfully implemented in the industry are given. The prospects and directions of using the Internet of Things technologies in the crop production system of the domestic agro-industrial complex are shown. The factors restraining the evolution of innovations of digitalization in agricultural production are determined. Conclusions. The planned introduction of IoT technologies will allow to reduce costs and production risks, as well as to increase labor productivity in agriculture in the Russian Federation by 2 times by 2024.