Ақмола облысының жағдайында жұпаргүл түрлерін интродукциялау

Abstract

The article discusses the issues of monitoring of the lilacs species (Syringa) that could be introduced in the green spaces of the Akmola region and the cities of Central Kazakhstan. This study presents the data on the biodiversity of perspective tree species and shrubs that could be used for landscaping of urban areas; a brief history of their introduction is published. In the course of the study, the authors proposed a methodology for monitoring lilac species selected for introduction from the Republic of China that were planted in 2015 (Amur lilac (Syrínga amurénsis), oblata lilac (S. oblata), fluffy lilac (S. pubescens), Beijing lilac (S. pekinensis)). Their seedling survival were 50.0 %; 86.4 %; 23.3 %; 71.7 %. Among these species, S. oblata (86.4 %) and S. pekinensis (71.7 %) were the most adapted on the territory of the Akmola region by the summer of 2019. The activity of photosynthesis was determined as an assessment for the intensity of physiological and biochemical parameters in introduced plants. Significantly lower photosynthetic activity was detected in S. oblata (0.75 μg / g); however, it was increased in all three species of lilacs (0.78 μg / g). Measuring heavy metal content in studied species, we detected up to 2.5 times higher concentration of cadmium and lead in the leaves of S. amurénsis comparing to others. Amur lilac accumulates a very high level of iron (3833.69 μg / g), which is 13 times higher than the maximum permitted concentration (MPC). The concentration of copper in the leaves of S. oblata is 1.1 times higher than the MPC. The amount of zinc is approximately the same in all studied plant samples and the values do not exceed the MPC. It was observed that Cu and Fe accumulate in lilac leaves more than permitted according to MPC. S. amurénsis has high accumulating properties, as it has been shown that it intensively absorbs the most toxic heavy metals. According to research findings, it has been shown that heavy metals accumulate in different concentrations in each species of lilac. The accumulation of heavy metals in lilac plants occurs selectively, depending on the species.