Колчаны у средневекового населения Кузнецкой котловины

Abstract

The work is devoted to the study of weapons of the medieval population of the Kuznetsk basin. Cases of the discovery of quivers in medieval funeral complexes on the territory of the Kuznetsk basin are described and summarized. This category of items is poorly researched, which is due to the poor safety of these items and, as a result, a small source base. According to the material of manufacture and the shape of the quivers, the primary classification of finds is carried out, whose design has been preserved almost completely or can be reconstructed. Two groups and three types of birch bark quivers are distinguished. According to the dating of the monuments on which the quivers were found, the periods of existence of each type on the territory of the Kuznetsk basin are hypothetically determined. Conical quivers with a pocket existed at the end of the 1st millennium and the developed Middle Ages. Conical and cylindrical quivers with a horizontal top were used in the developed Middle Ages. A wide range of analogies from monuments of the early and developed Middle Ages from neighboring and remote territories of Central Asia are given to the selected types of quivers. A similar dynamics of the development of similar types of quivers in other territories is recorded. The studied quivers are part of the subject complex of the second stage of development of the Saratov (second half of the VIII-X centuries) and Shanda archaeological culture (XI-XIV centuries).