ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ИЗУЧЕНИЮ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА

Abstract

The work is devoted to the actual problem of studying social intelligence as a socio-psychological construct that influences the processes of modeling effective communication and achieving goals in activities. Based on the purpose of the study, which is to review theoretical approaches to the study of social intelligence, a description is given of the main scientific approaches to understanding the content of social intelligence: general psychological, factor-analytical, psychometric, structural-genetic, cognitive and ethno-psychological. The analysis made it possible to single out common essential grounds in understanding the content of social intelligence: as a complex general ability, characterized by structure and a set of cognitive, emotional and behavioral components, the subject of which is the prediction of one's own actions and the actions of other people in various situations of interaction; as a personal education associated with the performance of certain activities and the level of development of general intelligence. Particular attention is paid to the ethnopsychological approach to the study of social intelligence, which is due to scientific interest in the problem of ethnocultural characteristics of social intelligence. The influence of the social environment, including the ethnic community, within which the socialization of the individual takes place, on the development of social intelligence is emphasized. It is noted that social thinking and social representations and laws, stereotypes, cognitive schemes established in society have an impact on the formation of a person's social intelligence. The article provides the author's understanding of social intelligence as a structural psychological formation that contributes to the socialization of the individual, ensures adaptation in society and influences the effectiveness and success of social interaction. The functions of social intelligence are also given: cognitive-evaluative, communicative-value and reflective-corrective. The applied significance of the results of this study is to substantiate the initial positions of the authors to develop an empirical research program to study the ethnocultural characteristics of social intelligence.