ОЦЕНКА ЭМБРИОНАЛЬНОЙ СМЕРТНОСТИ МЯСО-ЯИЧНЫХ КУР

Abstract

Two studies used incubation eggs of 26–40-week-old meat and egg autosex chickens of “Dominant CZ” crosses – “D-104”, “D-107”, “D-149”, “D-192”, kept in cages. Eggs were incubated in the incubators “Stimul IP-16M” and “Stimul IV-16M” by the standard regime, turning the eggs at 43–45 degrees every 45 min. Study 1 used 699894 eggs with a storage period of 2–8 days (control trays contained 22923 eggs). Study 2 used 2016 eggs after storage for four and eight days. During the 15-week productive period, the egg production intensity of the “D-192” cross was greater than the “D-104” cross by only 0.6%, and the “D-107” and “D-149” – by 2.6% and 3.0%, respectively. In the peak and post-peak phases of the productive period, the suitability of eggs for incubation from chickens cross “D-104” compared to other crosses was greater by 0.1–2.2%. According to the output of chickens parent flock of crosses “Dominant CZ” in technological and feeding conditions of LLC “Agrokormservis Plus” corresponds to the minimum requirement for breeding egg chickens with brown shells – it was 78.0%. In the middle of the pre-breeding period (6–18 days),embryo mortality was slightly higher in eggs of “D-107” and “D-192” hens (by 1.58 and 1.98%, respectively), but, on the contrary, lower in eggs of “D-104” and “D-149” hens (by 0.20%) or on average more by 0.79%. The difference between the hatch in the control trays and, in general, for all batches of eggs for crosses “D-104”, “D-149”, and “D-192” was in the range of –0.1 to +0.3%, but for the cross “D-107” – more +1.8%. On average, for the entire array of eggs, the difference was +1.0%. When storing eggs “Dominant CZ” for more than four days, the hatch of young animals decreases by an average of 1.0% per day due to increased mortality of embryos at all ages. Given the different sizes of the batch of eggs from some chicken crosses, from 35 to 180 pcs. of waste incubation (2–3% of the party) from the control trays can be opened for reliable analysis.