Удосконалення заходів протидії булінгу в Україні

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to clarify the concept of «billing», to identify its main features, causes, types, subjective composition for further modernization of measures to prevent it in Ukraine; formulating appropriate proposals and recommendations for improving the criminal defense of a person against bullying in Ukraine. Methodology. In the course of the research, the dialectical method of scientific knowledge of social and legal phenomena in their contradictions, development and changes was used, which makes it possible to objectively assess the level and effectiveness of prevention of violence against minors in Ukraine; a formal-logical method that identifies elements of a legal mechanism for preventing violence. The comparative legal method is used in the analysis of current legislation and international regulations; statistical – in the analysis of empirical data and in the process of researching statistical material in order to obtain a mathematical basis for processing the results of the survey, questioning and justification of the conclusions of scientific work; formal logic (analysis and synthesis, hypothesis) – in determining the main directions of scientific work and the main problematic issues. The theoretical basis of this publication was the work of domestic and foreign scientists on the aspects of preventing bowling. The scientific novelty of the publication is that the author’s concept in «billing» is formulated, the main determinants of billing among children in Ukraine are established, the close correlation of billing with violent crime is proved, some forms of correlation between billing and crime are established, with other deviant manifestations in a society that has in common with it the nature of occurrence expressed in aggression, namely, committing murder, committing suicide, and torture. It is because of an in-depth study of the determinants of billing and the perpetrators that it is possible to increase the effectiveness of criminal prevention activities. Conclusions. Based on the results of the scientific search, it is proposed to consider the criminal liability of children who have reached the age of 14 for committing bulling. After all, securing such responsibility in the Criminal Code of Ukraine could be one of the means of preventing and counteracting bullying. Also, a three-tier system of preventing «bulling» in Ukraine is proposed. Keywords: bulling; cyberbulling; victim of bulling; buller (bully); observers; determinants of bulling; international experience in preventing bullying; counteraction to bullying in Ukraine.