경북 영주시 소수서원의 생태와 생태관광 연구

Abstract

This study analyzed Sosu-seowon, one of the nine Korean Seowon, declared by the World Heritage Center and UNESCO as the first private and ecological Neo-Confucian Academy. The ecological analysis of Sosu-seowon is not only applicable for the other eight Korean Seowons declared as a World Heritage but all Seowons in Korea. That is, the ecological study about Seowons analyzes natural ecology and human ecology simultaneously. Especially, the symbolic tree in natural ecology is essential for understanding human ecology and its value; however, it is not dealt with in the previous studies. Two Ginkgo biloba is acculturation of Haengdan. It is the place where Confucius taught his disciples. Moreover, the two trees consider that <italic>Ginkgo biloba</italic> is dioecism. Zelkova in Sosu-sewon is acculturation of pagoda tree. The case of the acculturation of the symbolic tree in Sosu-seowon is noteworthy because it created Korean culture while accommodating Chinese culture. Gyeong-ryeom-jeong, Tak-yeong-ji, Jewolgyo Bridge and Gwang-pung-jung are related to Chou, Tun-I in North Sung Dynasty. The first Seowon emphasized Chou, Tun-I’s ideas because he provided the basic concept of Neo-Confucianism. However, this study pointed out the problem that there are Nymphaea and not lotuses in Tak-yeong-ji. It damages not only his ideas but the value of Sosu-seowon. Furthermore, it is critical to collect historical records of Seowon. One of the reasons UNESCO decided to inscribe Korean Seowons as World Heritage is that there are numerous historical records about them. However, this study aims to record the symbolic trees in Seowons. A few records exist about <italic>Ginkgo biloba</italic> as the symbolic tree in Sosu-seowon. This study suggested that there remains a need to record and preserve trees in Korean Seowon such as <italic>Ginkgo biloba,</italic> Korean red pine, <italic>Prunus yedoensis</italic> and <italic>Zelkova.</italic> It could also be important for the historical record of Sosu-seowon. The records and preservation of trees in Korean Seowons contribute not just to tree culture in Korea, but in Seowon content development as well.