ДАНИЛО БРАТКОВСЬКИЙ ЯК «БЛЮСТИТЕЛЬ БЛАГОЧЕСТЯ»: ПОЛЬСЬКОМОВНАПОЕЗІЯ

Abstract

The article analyzes the worldview system of Danylo Bratkowski, presented in his Polish-language poetry. Two vectors of her development in the multicultural space of the border area are indicated - as a citizen of the Commonwealth of Nations and a son of the Ukrainian people, who at that time formed the baroque culture of this state on an equal footing with other peoples, but at the same time defended her own national values. It has been proven that the poet embodied the principles of civilizational proteism, which, according to David Szymchak’s definition, had a moderate character. This was manifested in the image of the Sarmatian hero, who skillfully combined common state values with his own national and religious beliefs in the intercultural space of the borderland. The artist’s «piety» manifested itself not only in religious matters, but also in the moral and social code that he professed. Most of the poems in the collection «The World Considered in Parts» are dedicated to this very topic, framed by baroque conceptualism. The problems of women’s fate, youth and old age, freedom of national expression, moral transgressions in society, political equality, etc., require more detailed consideration. One of the key moral transgressions among representatives of different nationalities was alcoholism. Many poems by Danylo Bratkovskyi are devoted to this problem. The poet condemned this harmful habit, both male and female, which destroyed the person and his environment. A passion for excessive wealth and foreign fashion, which often put a person in a ridiculous position, had similar negative connotations. Laughter combined with satire became a feature of Bratkovsky’s authorial style. The writer’s fascination with Sarmatian ideas influenced the formation of his lyrical hero. He is presented in the spirit of idealization, devoid of negative features, endowed with special virtues. From a political point of view, this image has a more realistic character, since the Polish and Ukrainian nobility preserved the tradition and attributes of their status, but in their actions and habits they deviated far from this ideal. From the collection it appears that the author idealized himself and portrayed himself as an example to follow. Balancing between political ambitions and universal values, expressed in philosophical and religious dimensions, testify to the high level of education and diplomacy of the poet as a representative of the Ukrainian people, Orthodoxy and a citizen of a multicultural state.