ПРОБЛЕМИ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ

Abstract

The article deals with the stages of formation of distance learning in Ukraine from the standpoint of ensuring education continuity in cases of emergency. The legal framework for establishment of distance learning has been analyzed. The development of a child’s creative and intellectual abilities through open and free use of all educational resources and programs, including those available on the Internet, has been revealed as the main task of distance learning. The advantages of distance learning for pupils of secondary schools have been determined. They consist in intensive updating of knowledge acquired from the world information resources, expansion of the field of a teacher’s activities (regardless of the location of all subjects of the educational process) as well as development of cognitive interests, contribution to the formation of students’ professional orientation and mastering the methods of scientific research. Questionnaires have been developed to determine the attitude of the Ukrainian students and their parents to distance learning as an alternative to full-time education during a pandemic. A sociological study of the organization of distance learning at schools was conducted and the data on the problems and challenges faced by pupils and their parents during online learning were collected. The following conclusion has been made: due to bigger amount of free time and less busy schedule, studying at home turned to be comfortable for pupils, while for their parents, first of all, the advantage of distance learning dealt with saving time on the way to / from school. The biggest problems were the difficulty to study without teachers’ explanations and help and the lack of live communication.The main factors of distance learning have been identified: in particular, the flexibility of place, time, pace and trajectory of learning. The article outlines the prospects for use of distance learning elements in the development of the Ukrainian school system in the future.