Способы повышения почвозащитной эффективности лесных насаждений

Abstract

This article discusses ways to improve soil protective efficiency, reclamation use and preservation of protective forest plantations. In addition to the hydrological and soil protection functions, these spaces contribute to a more even distribution of snow on the protected spaces and prevent them blowing away in his beams, improve the microclimate of surrounding fields and, ultimately, increase the productivity of crops. Afforestation system is the basis of territorial and environmental framework, that ensures the stability of agro-ecosystems. The major role in improving forest conditions and, as a consequence, an increase in the growth of trees, played an impoundment ability of trenches. They created additional moisture due to the detention of surface runoff from melted snow and rain water. The sharp decline in water-erosion processes, transfer a surface flow to intersoil, improves the water regime of the territory and has a beneficial effect on the growth of pendent white birch. Thus, the use of reclamation of forest belts in the variant with trenches is the highest (100%), this can be explained by regular flow of meltwater in the forest area, as subsurface flow. The trench with filler intercepts virtually the entire flow, that is absorbed in its melted bottom and filler, and during the active snowmelt in the way of overflow of trenches, flowing is held earth mound on the border of the forest belt. As a consequence, the gullies and ravines are not formed on young woodland belt, that was benefit on the growth and survival of seedlings of pendent white birch.