МАЛАЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИКА — ДРАЙВЕР ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РОССИИ

Abstract

Relevance of the topic: One of the possible directions of further development of electric power industry is investment in distributed (small) power industry. It can become an impetus for the development of isolated areas of Russia from the Unified Energy System of Russia, as it will reduce the cost of 1 kWh of electricity and, most importantly, use the resources that this region has, as at the moment it is the lack and high cost of electricity that hinders the development of these regions. Object: is the introduction of small-scale power in Russia. Subject: are the prospects and risks of using small-scale energy facilities. Purpose of work: to build a financial and economic model for the construction of small-scale power facilities in the territory of the subjects of the Russian Federation, taking into account the natural conditions for the choice of generation. Objectives: To identify the advantages of small power; To compare the main types of small power; To consider the main projects of small power in the territory of the Russian Federation; To calculate the effectiveness of the introduction of hybrid stations in the regions of the Russian Federation; To determine the main risks of small power and development of measures to manage the risks; Method or methodology of the work: a wide range of methods were used in preparing the study, primarily the method of analysis and synthesis, the method of visualization, the method of statistical analysis, as well as the method of grouping. The methodology of calculating the economic efficiency of the hybrid power system was tested on three subjects of the Russian Federation: Chita region, the Sakha Republic and Krasnoyarsk region. Results of the work: In the course of the study the main advantages of small-scale power facilities were identified, namely, autonomy, efficiency, environmental friendliness. The choice of hybrid power system as the main diver of small-scale power engineering in Russia on the basis of the comparative analysis was substantiated. According to the results of the construction and analysis of the FEM construction of hybrid energy system objects in the territory of Chita region, the Sakha Republic, Krasnoyarsk region is an effective solution due to high tariffs for electricity and capacity for wholesale customers — 59,93 rubles/kW, 21,98 rubles/kW and 30,21 rubles/kW respectively. The payback period of these projects will be 2 years, 5 years and 4 years, respectively.