ОСОБЛИВОСТІ КЛАСИФІКАЦІЇ ТА МЕТОДІВ ВИБОРУ БПЛА

Abstract

Unmanned aerialvehicles (UAVs) are being actively adopted in various areas of human activity, demonstrating excellent results. Their usage allows to minimize the risks of people being in high-risk conditions, and integration with various systems expands the range of functions that previously seemed impossible.There are currently over 1,500 different official UAV designs, and the number is growing rapidly. The effectiveness of choosing a specific model and its subsequent application for the specific tasks requires a clear classification. Domestic classification is mainly inherent in the military sphere and in the sphere of civil protection with a limited extent, which creates uncertainty for other possible spheres of application. Other classifications do not have sufficient completeness and do not consider an integrated approach to modern requirements and technical characteristics of UAVs.Currently there is no single science-based systematic approach to the design of UAVs based on the use of optimization methods. It is clear that the problem of this kind is multi-criteria, and cannot do without optimization mathematical models and methods. However, the dynamics of the development of elements and solutions, the growth of information objects regarding new models and characteristics, the consideration of interrelated factors make this process impossible without decision support systems. The use of parametric synthesis allows to determine the compromise between stability and workability of systems.Criteria analyze for classification and modern methods for selecting unmanned aerial vehicles.The usage of electronic software tools, so-called electronic drone calculators, can help to solve the problem of choosing the optimal UAV design.Most of the classifications today are oriented to the needs of the military. The main criterion for choosing a scheme depends on the list of expected functions and tasks, flight range and altitude, as well as requirements for cargo capacity and possible on-board equipment. The approach of the mathematical method of multi-criteria evaluation, such as the method of analyzing hierarchies, is optimal.The article is an overview and information.