Abstract
The article examines narrative strategies in their historical dynamics. It singles out the so-called narrative worldview and the ethos of narrativity as basic parameters of a narrative strategy. Heroic legends and fairy tales inherited a precedent worldview and the ethos of peace from mythology. The post-mythological development of religious consciousness leads to a narrative strategy of the parable type that implies an imperative world model and prescriptive ethos, as implemented, for example, in the Old Testament. The narrative strategy of the New Testament stands out due to the constructive combination of the precedent worldview and a fundamentally new ethos of personal solidarity. The practice of telling jokes and ancient Greek adventure novels develop a circumstantial world model and the ethos of self-realization. Finally, the classic novel explores the probabilistic worldview and becomes a basis of several new narrative strategies that vary in their ethos.
Highlights
The article examines narrative strategies in their historical dynamics. It singles out the so-called narrative worldview and the ethos of narrativity as basic parameters of a narrative strategy
The post-mythological development of religious consciousness leads to a narrative strategy of the parable type that implies an imperative world model and prescriptive ethos, as implemented, for example, in the Old Testament
The classic novel explores the probabilistic worldview and becomes a basis of several new narrative strategies that vary in their ethos
Summary
Когда мы имеем дело с нарративным текстом, тогда, согласно классическому рассуждению Бахтина, «перед нами два события — событие, о котором рассказано в произведении, и событие самого рассказывания (в этом последнем мы и сами участвуем как слушатели-читатели); события эти происходят в разные времена (различные и по длительности) и на разных местах, и в то же время они неразрывно объединены в едином» коммуникативном акте [4, c. 403–404]. Авторская позиция при этом может быть как однородной с позицией условного повествующего субъекта, так и отстраненной, в частности иронической по отношению к нему. Мыслимая таким образом нарративная стратегия представляет собой селективную конфигурацию двух событийных аспектов единого высказывания, о которых рассуждал Бахтин: 1) нарративной картины мира и 2) коммуникативной интенции рассказывания.
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