중국어 품사 분류와 제 문제 고찰

Abstract

The issue of Chinese parts of speech still has many disagreements within the academic community. Compared to English, where form markers have developed, it is more difficult to classify Chinese part-of-speech on the basis of form. Different scholars classify part-of-speech on different criteria. In addition, according to the purpose and intent of the classification, 7 to 20 parts of speech are classified. Accordingly, in this article, we will reflect as much as possible the part-of-speech system of Korean language school grammar in order to make it easier for Korean learners to understand the Chinese part-of-speech system. In Korean school grammar, part-of-speech is divided into 9 parts: nouns, pronouns, numerals, determiners, adverbs, exclamations, particles, verbs, and adjectives. Determiner is excluded from the Chinese part-of-speech system as it is not classified as a part-of-speech in Chinese, while classifiers, conjunctions, and prepositions were added following the characteristics of the Chinese language. Consequently, the present article classified Chinese parts of speech into 11 categories: nouns, pronouns, numerals, classifiers, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, particles, and exclamations.BR Next, in most grammar books published so far in Chinese, part-of-speech is largely divided into notional words and function words, and then subclassified according to their characteristics. In this article, 7 criteria have been set out to divide part-of-speech into notional words and function words, According to that criterion, nouns, pronouns, numerals, classifiers, verbs, adjectives were classified as notional words, while the remaining adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, particles, and exclamations were classified as function words.