Abstract
An innovative way to solve pressing problems of energy saving and reducing environmental pollution during the operation of automotive equipment can be the use of a specially designed ultrasonic motor fuel mixer. The creation of cavitation areas in an ultrasonic mixer promotes the fragmentation of long hydrocarbon chains and thereby improves the quality of fuel (diesel and mixed diesel fuel), reduces fuel consumption, and prolongs the operation of the diesel engine fuel system. Possible modes of ultrasonic treatment were investigated in order to create an optimal cavitation region in the mixer. The establishment of treatment modes was carried out by changing the pressure-flow relationship in a laboratory installation, and the determination of cavitation areas based on the technique of numerical modeling of fuel flows in the structure under study. Numerical modeling made it possible to establish cavitation regions with different acoustic powers. The experimental studies of the hydrodynamic parameters of a real mixer indicate the adequacy of the developed model. 8 modes of ultrasonic exposure are defined depending on the pressure drop; they, in turn, are divided into pre-cavitation and cavitation. The operating pressure range was from 0 to 4 atm with a difference of 0.5 atm for each mode. The maximum reduction in kinematic viscosity (on average 23%) for all types of fuel is observed when the pressure drop reaches 2.5 atm. A further change in the cavitation regime towards an increase in the pressure drop does not lead to a significant change in the kinematic viscosity of motor fuels (about 2%).
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