Городская повседневность в фокусе социальных теорий XX века

Abstract

The article provides an attempt at a theoretical understanding of the pheno-menon of urban everyday life. A brief justification is given for the relevance of studying urban life through the analysis of everyday life. The development of ideas about every-day life is examined, first in the philosophical works of E. Husserl, and then by A. Schutz, J. Hoffmann, A. Lefebvre and P. Sztompka. The position of each author is considered and criticized within the framework of the purposes of this article. Husserl's view of everyday life as the order of interrelationship of things in time and space pro-vides a basis for defining everyday life, but turns out to be too broad. In A. Schutz we discover the fundamental principle of the formation and reproduction of everyday life — the social distribution of knowledge. From the works of A. Lefebvre we take the understanding of everyday life as a common denominator for all spheres of human life and the idea of its cyclical dynamics. I. Goffman describes in detail the sphere of every-day interpersonal contacts “face to face”. P. Sztompka gives a number of defining fea-tures of everyday life - it is associated with relationships between people, which are re-peated in space and time, are not always conscious and sometimes ritualized. The result of the work is a description and definition of the concept of urban everyday life.