БИБЛЕЙСКИЕ СЮЖЕТЫ В ОСМЫСЛЕНИИ ПЕЧОРСКОГО КНИЖНИКА XIX ВЕКА И. С. МЯНДИНА

Abstract

The paper offers a survey of manuscripts of a peasant, Old Believer and knizhnik I. S. Miandin (1823-1894, Ust'-Tsilma, Komi Republic) from the Old Manuscript Division of the IRLI (Institute of Russian Literature of the Russian Academy of Science or Pushkinskiy Dom). Knizhnik, in the Russian tradition, is a scribe, who also can recite from memory the Scripture texts and the patristic tradition. Miandin left his recapitulations of the Old Believers literary tradition. He left few compilations, transcribed a number of Old Russian texts of various genres. In four convolutes, he collected Biblical stories taken from chronographs. Most of Miandin's stories recapitulate the Old Testament texts, but there are also legends from the early Christian history (e.g., The Story of Emperor Constantine and His Mother Helen). His major source was, in all probability, the copy of the Chronograph from the Old Believers tradition which he had in his possession (he lent it to a writer S. V. Maksimov and never received it back). The whereabouts of the Chronographer are not known. Some of the stories were significantly reworked by Miandin in comparison with the chronographic version. The latter include the stories of Joseph the Beautiful, King Solomon and Judith. Results of the study of Miandin's manuscripts: the first stage of his work is reflected in the IRLI reduction (Ust'-Tsil'ma collection #267), the second idem, #66, the third RNB NSRK O.100. The Biblical protagonists were interpreted according to the understanding of life by Pechora peasants. The peripeteias were related with an empathy as if they concerned next-door people. This attitude compelled the narrator to seek, from one version to the other, realistically convincing motivations for the action of the heroes.