Результати оцінювання нових генотипів калини звичайної (Viburnum opulus L.) за морфологічними ознаками та біохімічними показниками плодів у селекції на продуктивність і якість

Abstract

The breeding work on the competitive creation has appeared to continue on the basis of the Institute of Horticulture (IH) NAAS and its research network. According to the results of the breeding the guelder-rose ordinary increases thanks to the fruitful work activity of the specialists of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden (NBG) of the NAS of Ukraine (the cultivars Berehynia, Nasoloda), IH NAAS (Horianka, Kyivska Sadova №1, Uliana, Ania, Yaroslavna, Harmoniia, etc.) and its scientific network, in particular, the L.P. Symyrenko Research Station of Pomology of the Institute of Horticulture (NAAS) (Rubinova, Koralova, Bahriаna, Velykoplidna, Ukrainochka, etc.). Taking into consideration the present day requirements of the fruit and ornamental horticulture under the global climate changes of the above mentioned crop which would high environmental adaptability, meet the requirements of the mechanized small picking fruits as well as the processing and food industries as to the consumption quality for making products of the functional and preventive action, that requires the search, selection and creation of new relevant corresponding initial material. As a result of new guelder-rose ordinary genotypes have been created, which are characterized by a complex of economy traits valuable – these are forms F 211-35-17, F 301-19-17, F 302-22-17, F 303-16-17, F 304-23 -17, F 305-3-17, F 306-4-17, F 308-9-17, F 309-8-17, F 312-14-17, F 316-02-17, F 322-28- 17, F 328-50-17, F 329-10-17, F 332-40-17, F 335-77-17, F 347-49-17, F 350-75-17, F 360-6-17. For the purpose of the further breeding on productivity and quality the comparative evaluation of new V. opulus genotypes was carried out on the phenology of the plants development, morphological traits and fruits biochemical indices. The breeding forms F 301-19-17, F 332-40-17, F 329-10-17, F 360-6-17 have proved high productive and are characterized as valuable breeding material with a complex of economic traits that have proven themselves at a level of conditional standard, and on some signs with the significant excess too. The berries of the variety Koralova and as well as of F 308-9-17, F 305-3-17, F 350-75-17 and F 304-23-17 have a high content of total sugars (> 10.0%), that is a sugar-acid index at a level of 6.5; 6.7; 7.4 and 7.5, respectively, and indicates their dessert and the possibility of their consumption as fresh while the increased content of pectin in the berries of the varieties Yaroslavna, Koralova Podilska, Ania and F 360-6-17, F 312-14-17, F 328-50-17 and F 322-28-17 testifies their considerable jelly ability which enables to use them for manufacturing: marmalades , pastilles, jams. It is the fruits of varieties Yaroslavna, Koralova and Koralova Podilska as well as of F 322-28-17, F 301-19-17, F 322-28-17, F 211-35-17 that have the high antioxidant capacity. The article breeders should utilize the following strains of Velikoplidna, Ukrainochka, Koralova, Ania, Yaroslavna, Uliana, Elina, Koralova Podilska, Tsukrova as an source material the breeding on the fruits productivity and quality as well as F 301-19-17, F 332-40, F 329-10-17, F 360-6-17, etc.