Джерела з єврейської генеалогії Наддніпрянщини кінця ХVІІІ – початку ХХ ст.: історіографія

Abstract

This article focuses on the analysis and critique of scientific literature devoted to the sources of Jewish Genealogical Sources in Dnieper Ukraine at the end of the 18th - beginning of the 20th century. The methodological basis of the article is the generally accepted principles of historicism, objectivity and systematicity, as well as the historiographical analysis and synthesis, historical-genetic, comparative-historical, typological, and other methods. The scientific novelty lies in the creation of a historiographical model which includes an analysis of the conditions for the development of historical science and the activities of historians who worked in the field of Jewish history and genealogy. Conclusions. The architecture of the historiographical model for studying the sources of Jewish genealogy from the point of view of periodization covers the imperial (until 1917), Soviet, and Ukrainian Independence periods. A separate segment is foreign historiography (in this work - with no division into periods) focused on the study of sources in the archives of Ukraine not only by foreign researchers but also by institutions. In the imperial period, historians not only studied Jewish history but also engaged archives by discovering and publishing documents. Soviet historiography of the 1920s and 1930s is represented by writings about the history of Jewish communities in certain regions and the role of Jews in social and political processes. Scholars also concentrated on collecting and researching Jewish archives. The anti-Zionist policy of the USSR government and the persecution of Jews during the Stalinist repressions (1930s) and later in the 1950s and 1980s made further research of Jewish history impossible. With the Independence of Ukraine, research on Judaica became significantly more active: articles, monographs, and theses on various topics appeared, conferences were held, and scientific journals and centres were founded. People from Ukraine and abroad searched for Jewish roots in Ukrainian archives. The activation of scientific and practical interests prompted the description of archival documents, the creation of historical and genealogical directories, including those on Jewish topics. Large-scale publishing projects were implemented, and later the digitization of genealogical sources began. Foreign scholars also described Jewish documents in Ukrainian archives. The National Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, the Central Archives of the History of the Jewish People and Yad Vashem in Jerusalem, FamilySearch International, and others joined the projects of digitization and indexing of Jewish documents in the archives of Ukraine.