Изменение содержания тяжелых металлов в печени Perca fluviatilis

Abstract

An assessment of the impact of emissions from the activities of coal mines on the morphology and physiology of perch (Perca fluviatilis) of the Bolshoe and Stolbovoye lakes of the Sorokaozerki tract in the Altai region of the Republic of Khakassia was carried out. Common perch, along with silver carp, are the predominant species in most fishing lakes of Khakassia. The catch of fish was carried out in 2019, 2021 and 2022, the absence of common perch in the catches of 2022 led to the need to analyze this phenomenon. 20 specimens from each reservoir were examined. The regularities of the correlative growth of their internal organs of fish were taken into account, since the living conditions of animals closely correlate with some of their morphological features. Morphophysiological indicators were studied, namely the liver index of perch (Perca fluviatilis), a comparison of this indicator by age and time of capture was carried out. The average index for each age group was calculated taking into account the arithmetic mean error. It was found that the value of the liver index tends to increase over the period from 2019 to 2021 for all age groups, which may indicate the problem of accumulation of heavy metals in the liver. Samples of the liver of the common perch were examined for the content of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe, Co, Mn, etc.). The content of lead, arsenic, mercury in the liver of fish does not exceed the MPC. For individual metals (zinc, copper, chromium, iron), there is a large significant excess of MPC: 82% zinc, up to 40% copper, more than 90% chromium, exceeding the MPC of iron by more than 2.4 times.