Особенности изменений внутренних органов кефали-сингиля Liza aurata (Risso, 1910)

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to analyze the changes in the internal organs of golden mullet specious caught in May 2022 in the scientific expeditions to the western part of the Caspian Sea. Mature mullets were examined. The caught species were weighed and measured. There were made 152 histological sections of 10 species (liver, spleen, gills, ovaries, muscles). The studied species were 3-4 years old. The collected samples were processed by classical histological techniques. According to the results of the conducted histological research, there have been found the numerous changes in the studied organs that indicate the adaptive capabilities of the fish: microcirculatory disorders (extensions of different sizes and durations in time), different abnormalities in the gills structure (proliferation of multilayer non-keratinizing epithelium of filaments and lamellae usually met in different species in the Volga river today), fatty hepatic degeneration to some degree, hemosiderosis of the spleen. Changes in the epithelium of the gills were estimated as 2.8 points, changes in the spleen – as 3.1 points. Hemosiderosis was also detected in the liver parenchyma; the changes made 2.5 points. Some skeletal muscle fibers were segmented; their change was estimated as 2.5 points. Cardiomyocytes had different thickness; their changes were estimated as 2.3 points. In general, the studied tissue and cell changes of the gill apparatus, liver, spleen, skeletal muscles and ovary indicated the morphological rearrangement caused by the adaptive response of the fish organisms to the environmental conditions.