Исследование особенностей интенсификации испарения с залива Kара-Богаз-Гол

Abstract

The article presents the results of the analysis of the bathymetry of the Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay, made using a digital model of the relief of the bottom of the bay. The features of the morphometry of the bay are shown. Above the −30 m BS mark, KBG Bay has steep and precipitous shores, below the −34 m BS mark there is almost a flat bottom. From −28 to −30 m BS the area of the shallow water zone with a depth of up to 1 m varies from 0.5 to 16 %, with a depth of up to 2 m from 2 to 40 %, respectively. The features of the morphology of the gulf bed are such that below −28 m BS the ratio of the area of shallow and deep zones change and the area of shallow waters increases significantly. To obtain an assessment of the effect of bathymetry under different hydrometeorological conditions on the evaporation of the bay, a model of heat and mass transfer of the reservoir-atmosphere system was used together with a digital model of the relief of the bottom of the bay. The intensification of evaporation is manifested at the level of 29.9 m BS even at a wind speed of 1 m/s in the northern and southeastern shallow parts of the water area and reaches 5–12.5 %. At a wind speed of 5 m/s, evaporation intensification increases and reaches values of 10–15 % at the level of −27 m BS and 12.5–50 % at the level of −29.9 m BS. At a wind speed of 10 m/s, it increases from 12 % in the center of the bay to 30 % near the coastline at the level of 27 m BS, in similar zones from 15 to 60...100 % at the level of 29.9 m BS and from 18 to 60...120 % at the level of 31.8 m BS. Evaporation estimates have shown that at levels of −29.5...−31.5 m BS, the bay interacts most intensively with the atmosphere.