Сравнительное анатомо-морфологическое исследование вегетативных органов Iris sogdiana Bunge из природных популяций юго-восточного Казахстана

Abstract

A comparative anatomical and morphological analysis of the vegetative organs of Iris sogdiana from various growing conditions has interest that allow to identify features and adaptive capabilities of the species. Microscopic studies of I. sogdiana vegetative organs from natural populations of southeastern Kazakhstan were carried out for the first time. A positive correlation between the growth habitat and morphometric parameters of the species has been shown. The structural features of vegetative organs were revealed and it's established that development of the tissues that covers the plant, ground and vascular in I. sogdiana is associated with a moisturizing gradient. Numerous stomata are characteristic for the leaf blade slightly submerged deep into the leaf; numerous intercellular spaces; airways in the leaf mesophyll; vascular bundles surrounded by sclerenchyma cells. The stem has a certain degree of ribbing a thickened surface of the outer cells of epidermis, a pronounced layer of pericycle sclerenchyma. The root has a one-two-layer ectoderm developed thickening of the radial membranes of the endoderm cells and a different number of vessels that depending on the growth location. The study results indicates that plants of 1 and 2 populations are characterized by more xerophytic features of the organization and for 3 population plants mesophytic features are inherent. The studied species is distinguished by averaged morphometric indicators of the structure and includes the mesoxerophytic organization of the anatomical structure. The morphological structure of I. sogdiana allows to conclude that a sufficient amount of moisture is necessary for a short period of vegetation and for development of the plant.