Abstract
Currently, IgA-nephropathy is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis resulted in the development of end-stage renal failure, the causes of which are not only genetic, but also environmental factors that contribute to epigenetic changes in the both cellular and humoral immunity. The main triggers of chronic autoimmune inflammation in IgA-ne- phropathy are environmental factors such as industrial pollutants, infectious agents, allergens and nephrotoxic xenobiotics resulted in not only the disruption of immunoglobulin A production in mucosae but also changes in the composition of microbiota and mucosal lymphoid cells, including the minor population of γδT-lymphocytes. In this study, the composition of γδT-cells subsets, their activation potential and cytotoxic activity were determined as well as the correlation of γδT-cells immunophenotype with biochemical and histological parameters of disease progression were established in patients with IgA-nephropathy. The redistribution of γδT-lymphocytes subsets in peripheral blood of patients with IgA-nephropathy was found characterizing by a predominance of tissue-resident cells (Vδ1+ and Vδ3+T-lymphocytes) and a statistically significant decrease of Vδ2+T-cells subpopulation as compared to the control group. It was shown that γδT-lym- phocytes did not demonstrate the cytotoxic activity, however, the detected increase of activated marker HLA-DR expression on Vδ1+ and Vδ3+T-lymphocytes indicated their possible antigen-presenting role in disease pathogenesis. The obtained results can be used as potential biomarkers in the early diagnosis of autoimmune kidney pathology.
Highlights
IgA-nephropathy is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis resulted in the development of end-stage renal failure, the causes of which are genetic, and environmental factors that contribute to epigenetic changes in the both cellular and humoral immunity
The composition of γδT-cells subsets, their activation potential and cytotoxic activity were determined as well as the correlation of γδT-cells immunophenotype with biochemical and histological parameters of disease progression were established in patients with IgA-nephropathy
The redistribution of γδT-lymphocytes subsets in peripheral blood of patients with IgA-nephropathy was found characterizing by a predominance of tissue-resident cells (Vδ1+ and Vδ3+T-lymphocytes) and a statistically significant decrease of Vδ2+T-cells subpopulation as compared to the control group
Summary
В настоящее время IgA-нефропатия является самой распространенной формой первичного гломерулонефрита, приводящей к развитию терминальной стадии почечной недостаточности. Основными триггерами хронического аутоиммунного воспаления при IgA-нефропатии являются такие факторы окружающей среды, как промышленные поллютанты, инфекционные агенты, аллергены и нефротоксические ксенобиотики, которые приводят не только к нарушению продукции иммуноглобулина А в слизистых оболочках, но и к изменению состава микробиоты и мукозальных лимфоидных клеток, в том числе минорной популяции γδT-лимфоцитов. Komissarov, PhD (medicine), docent; associate professor at the department of transplantology; head of the department of nephrology, kidney replacement therapy and kidney transplantation, MSPC of surgery, transplantology and hematology.
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